Improvement in self-recording surveying-machine



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. MANGER.

SELF RECORDING SURVEYING MAOHINE.

No. 103,479. Patented May 24, 1870.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H'. MANGER.

SELF RECORDING SURVEYING MACHINE. No. 103,479.

Patented May 24, 1870.

l wimlmmw N PETERS Pholo LID-ogmphur. wmnn mn. n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

HENRY MANGER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN SELF-RECORDING SURVEYING-MACHINE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 103,479, dated May 24, 1 70.

To all whom it may concern-.-

Be it known that I, HENRY lllANGER, of the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Surveying-Machines3 and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact dc scription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings making a part of this specification, in which Figure l is a sectional longitudinal elevation of my machine, showing the devices for the measurement and recording operations.

Figure 2 is a sectional longitudinal elevation of my said machine, showing the devices by means of which the profiles of the surveyed ground are traced on. paper by the machine itself.

Figure 3 is a plane view of my machine.

Figure l is a back-view endelevation of my machine.

Figures 5 and U are views of details of my machine, as hereinafter explained.

The nature of my invention consists in a machine which can be moved. from place to place either by hand, horse, steam, or any suitable power, and by means of which lineal and mathematicallycorrect measurements can be obtained and recorded, and the profiles of the lines measured automatically recorded on paper, on ground. of plane and smooth, or uneven or hilly surface.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation, the same letters of reference applying to similar parts of the machine throughout this specification.

AAis the frameworl; of the carriage of the machine.

13 13 are the side wheels, and 13 or head wheel of the machine.

' O and C are two pulleys or sheaf-wheels, of equal diameters, and, respectively, set on the inner face of both side wheels B and 13.

E E are two twin cylinders, of equal length and diameters, and set transversely and horizontally on one common shaft, D, in the followi n g manner Cylinders E and E are, respectively, set on two sleeves, G and G, sitting loosely on shaft D, which is held up in proper position by means of uprights F and F, so that, albeit the front the said two cylinders are, as described, set on one common axle, they work independent the one of the other, as and for purposes hereinafter shown.

Cylinders E and E are painted party-color stripes to correspond.

ll H is a pendulum, of which ll 13 is the weight and ii the universal joint, by means of which the said pendulum ll ll hangs from the center of transverse piece J J, The said pendulum ll l'l should be set so as to be, when vertical, in the vertical plane of the long axis of the machine and. the back of cylinders E and E.

I and l. are two arms set on the top head of rod ll of the pendulum if H. They can be made either in the style and shape shown in I the drawings, fig. 1, or any other style or shape to suit.

K and. l\'. are two small pulleys or sheafwheels, respectively set on the outside end of both sleeves G and G, and so that they (pulleys K and K) will correspond. with pulleys (1 and G.

L and L are cords, chains, or belts, connecting, respectively, pulley G with pulley K, and pulley O with pulley ii, any movement of each wheel. 1 or 13 being thereby transmitted to each corresponding cylinderE or E.

N N is the axle of wheels 13 and l3, and on the end. N of which the wheel. 1; is set loose, wheel B being, meanwhile, keyed on the other end, N, of said. axle N N. The axle N N is run through frame A A, where it revolves in bear.ing-b .ixcs or like contrivance.

ill M. M. M is a frame suspended on and hanging from. axle X X, between the long sides A and A of frame A A; and

O O a weight or series of weights set on the lower end. of frame M M M. M, so as to keep said frame always in a vertical.position, whatever may be the position of the other parts of the machine.

P a beveled pinion keyed into axle N N, close to the inner face of frame )l: M M )l, to ward wheel. B, that I will call the left side of the machine.

P is a beveled. pinion, of same diameter with pinion P, and gearing with it, said pin ion P being set on, by means of a stud, to the inner face of top of frame M. M M M.

P is a beveled pinion, of same diameter as those above described, and. gearing with pinion P. It (pinion P) is set on, by means of a stud, to the inner face of the top of frame M M M M.

P is a small beveled pinion set on the upper face of pinion P, and having same center.

P is a small beveled pinion, of same size with pinion P and set so as to gear (vertically) with said pinion P.

Q is a solid wheel or roller set on the inner face of pinion P, on same center, but of a larger diameter. It may have its periphery lined with cloth, India rubber, wood, or any soft friction material or not lined at all, as may seem more convenient.

'R R is an arched upright, set transversely, its two ends resting on and secured to frame A A.

S S is an upright circular piece, set parallel to uprights R R, and bearing on its back face a dial, divided into a series of figures and degrees.

T T is a shaft, held horizontally and lon gitudinally by both pieces R R and S S, through the respective centers of which its ends pass and are held and revolve.

U and U are two hands set on end of shaft I T 1", and which will serve to indicate any of the divisions of the dial, as hereinafter shown.

V V is a concave roller, the curve face of which is drawn with a radius equal to the distance from the center of axle N N to the highest point of roller Q, said distance shown by letters :1; B in fig. 6, the smaller diameter of V V being equal to the diameterof roller Q.

Roller V V is set longitudinally on horizontal shaft T T, and so that its (roller V Vs) surface will be in contact of easy friction with the roller Q, and also in such manner that, when the frame A A will be in a level or truly horizontal position, (which will be when the machine is resting on level ground,) the vertical axis of pendulum frame M M M M will be perdendicular to the horizontal axis of roller V V, and the roller Q in contact with the lower end of the shorter diameter of roller V V.

X is a compass, set back of dial S S and hanging on a universal joint.

X is the weight attached to the compass to keep it on a level.

a a is an upright band or frame, holding up four upright rollers or cylinders, the whole being set on and attached to the left part of frame A, frame a a being opposite and parallel to the axis of roller V V.

The blue collar in fig. 2 and red dotted lines in fig. 3 are means to show a band of paper, f f, set or rolled around the upright rollers Z) e (Z c, as follows:

The bulk of the band of paper fbeing rolled around cylinder Z) by means of a crank or stud, or any like arrangement on head of cylinder Z), the end of the paper is passed from left to right between cylinders c and (Z, and then fastened to roller or cylinder 6'.

P is a small pinion keyed on axle N N, so as to correspond and gear with a pinion, 1"", of equal size, set on lower end of roller (Z, so that any rotary movement of axle N N will thereby be imparted to roller (Z.

g is a hollow scroll provided with a spiral spring, 71, in its inside, the whole held up in proper position by means of upright 7L, and placed on the left side of frame A, in front of and facing cylinder 6.

h is a smaller scroll or sheaf set flat on the top of cylinder e.

t is a cord rolled around scroll g and fastened to scroll or sheaf h.

Z Z Z is a compound lever attached to the front of the left face of frame M M M M, the length of the arms of said compound lever being so calculated that, when the frame A A will be in a horizontal position, the upper arm Z of the compound lever Z Z Z should be horizontal.

m is a vertical slide-rod running up and down into a guide-box, n, set onto the frame a a, opposite and parallel to the inside face of cylinder (Z.

Arm Z of compound lever Z Z Z is attached. to the slide-rod on, so that, when. the said lever Z Z Z will be acted upon by frame M M. M M, this will. cause the sliding rod in. to slide up or down.

On the lower end and inner face of said sliding rod m. is attached a marker, a pencil, or like device, the point of which rests and traces on paper ff, as hereinafter shown.

Thus prepared and constructed, my machine is now ready for use.

The machine being placed on the ground, its front in the direction of the line to be surveyed, and so that the front wheel B will run on said line, the operator will rectify the direction in which the machine is to run, bymeans of the aimers II, in the usual way. He also will place the twin cylinders E and E so that the colors will correspond.

Placing himself back of the machine, with his hands on bar A, the operator will push the machine forward, keepinghis eyes on the aimers I I, which should be kept in a line with. one neatly-visible and distant point on the line being measured. He will easily keep the machine running straight forward, and, if said machine deviates from the straight line being measured, he will be warned of it by the cylinders E and E, the colors of which, in such a case, will no longer coincide, as it is obvious that, if the machine was running in. the least obliquely, one of the wheels B or ll would thereby work. more than the other, and, consequently, the corresponding cylinder E or E revolve more rapidly than the other.

Before setting the machine in motion, the operator should have the paper-holding arrangement prepared as follows:

Acting on the crank, knob, or stud on head of cylinder Z), the paper has been rolled around it so as to tighten it from cylinder c to said cylinder Z), passing, as before described, be

tween the friction-rollers c and d. The paper presents thus a fine stiff surface to the pencil to trace on.

The action of winding the bulk of paper ff around cylinder Z) has wound up the string 2, connecting scroll h", on head of cylinder e, to spring-scroll g, around said scroll h and consequently, Wound up spring inside of scroll g, so that said scroll will have a tendency to draw back on the string 1, thereby on cylinder e, and to cause the paper to wind itself forward around 6.

It is obvious that, as long as the machine is stationary, the paper being held tight between the two friction-cylinders c and (I, will resist the back-action of spring scroll g, and be itself stationary. But, on account of the gearing connecting, as aforesaid, the cylinder (1 with the aXleNN, the movement of wheels B and B, and, consequently, of axle N N, will impart a corresponding movement to cylinder cl, and the paperff, no longer resisting the back action of spring-scroll will move forward with a speed easily made to correspond to that of the machine itself, and the pencil on end of slide-rod on will trace lines on the paper ff. As to the nature of thelines thus traced, it is obvious that, when the machine will run on level ground, the frames A A and M M M M will be in a relatively rectangular position, no action will cause lever Z Z Z to move either way, and, consequently, the rod on, not being moved or caused to move either up or down, the pencil will trace lines as straight as the ground itself. But if the machine comes to pass over uneven parts of the ground, this will, of course, through wheel B, elevate or depress the position of frame A A, and, through lever Z Z Z", cause pencilrod m to slide up or down in a like and cor responding manner, and thereby will the traces made by the pencil on paper ff show the exact profiles of theline the machine has been made to run 011 and measure.

During the forward movement of the machine, wheel B, keyed, as aforesaid, to axle N N, drives it and all the gears connected with it, and thereby the piston-roller, acting on con cave roller V V, the hands U and U will revolve proportionally on dial S S, and, when the machine stops, the figures on the divisions of said dial S S will indicate the length of line measured on the ground.

Fig. 6 shows that, whatever the position of frame A A, and, consequently, of roller V V is, the said concave roller must, and always will be, in contact with friction-roller Q.

The compass will, of course, show to the operator the direction of the line or lines he has measured, as aforesaid.

I do not claim having invented the mode of recording the length of lines measured on the ground, by means of a dial with figured divisions, or any like device or devices, as I am aware that similar eontrivances have been used and applied to surveying or calculating instruments or machines, as, for instance, one now in use, and known as the perambulator; but

Having described the construction and operation of my machine,

hat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by letters Patent of the llnited States, is

1. The combination. of the axle-wheel B, axle N N, gearing P P" P P P", vertical hanging frame M M, friction-roller Q, and concave roller V V, all constructed and operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of twin cylinders Eand E, party colored painted, their common shaft D and independent sleeves G and G, with wheels B and B, by means of pulleys K and K and G and C and cords L and L, the whole constructed and operated in the manner and for the purposes above set forth and described.

HENRY MANGER.

Witnesses:

LIONEL DEPINEUIL,

mm. SMITH. 

